Resumo: As folhas de amoreira constituem a única fonte de alimento para o bicho-da-seda. O experimento avaliou os efeitos da suplementação da dieta do bicho-da-seda no peso dos casulos e das cascas séricas produzidas. Foi estabelecido um esquema fatorial com quatro cultivares e cinco dietas. Foi utilizado um amoreiral com quatro cultivares, em segundo ano de produção. As cultivares utilizadas foram: IZ64, IZ56/4, FM86 e FMSM. As lagartas que receberam folhas da mesma cultivar foram divididas em cinco grupos, totalizando 20 grupos de 400 lagartas cada. As lagartas que pertenciam ao primeiro grupo receberam apenas folhas de amoreira. No segundo grupo, as lagartas foram alimentadas com folhas de amoreira umedecidas. As lagartas dos grupos três, quatro e cinco foram alimentadas com folhas de amoreira enriquecidas com quantidades crescentes de extrato hidrossolúvel de soja (EHS) aplicadas sobre as folhas, tendo a água como agente dispersante. A quantidade de EHS fornecida às lagartas dos três grupos foi equivalente a 5,0, 10,0 e 20,0% do total requerido pelo bicho-da-seda de proteína bruta (PB). Houve interação entre os fatores cultivar e dieta em relação ao peso dos casulos e das cascas séricas. Com adição de EHS, em quantidade equivalente a 10,0% da demanda nutricional das lagartas, em folhas de IZ56/4 e FMSM, as cascas séricas foram mais pesadas.
Palavras-chave: nutrição, proteína bruta, seda, sericicultura
abstract: The leaves of the mulberry trees are the only source of food for the silkworm. This experiment evaluated the effects of the supplementation of the silkworm diet on the cocoons weight and cocoon shell weight. A factorial scheme was established with four cultivars and five diets. It was used a mulberry tree grove with four cultivars on their second year of production .The cultivars which were used were divided as: IZ64, IZ5/4, FM86 and FMSM. The worms that were fed with leaves from the same cultivar were divided in five groups, totaling up 20 groups of 400 worms each. The worms which belonged to the first group only got leaves of mulberry tree. The second group was fed with moisturized mulberry tree leaves. The worms from the groups three, four and five were fed with mulberry tree leaves enriched with increasing amounts of watersoluble soybean extract that was applied on the leaves, having water as a dispersed agent. The amount of water soluble soybean extract that was given to the worms of the three groups was equivalent to a 5, 10 and 20% from the total that is required by the silkworm of crude protein. There was an interaction between the cultivar factors and the diet in relation to the weight of the cocoons and silken barks. Adding water-soluble soybean extract to an amount equivalent to 10% of the worms nutritional needs on leaves of IZ56/4 and FMSM the silken barks were heavier.
Keywords: crude protein, nutrition, sericulture, silk
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